ANALYSIS OF LEGAL SOCIOLOGY THEORY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MEDICAL LAW

Tuti Alawiyah

doi:10.32509/mirshus.v5i2.142

Tuti Alawiyah Master of Law Program, Health Law Concentration Faculty of Law, Universitas Islam Nusantara Bandung

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32509/mirshus.v5i2.142

Keywords: Legal Sociology, Medical Law, Responsive Legal Theory, Social Interaction, Legitimacy Of Law

Abstract

This study employs a socio-legal approach to examine how norms in medical law are not only formulated at the normative level but are also practiced, negotiated, accepted, or resisted within the daily interactions between doctors, patients, and healthcare institutions. Using a descriptive-analytical method that integrates doctrinal review with empirical insights, this paper analyzes the relevance and application of major sociological legal theories—such as functionalism, symbolic interactionism, Luhmann’s legal system theory, Nonet and Selznick’s responsive law, Habermas’s theory of legal legitimacy, and theories of social change and social control—in the context of medical law. The analysis demonstrates that the effectiveness of medical law depends heavily on communication, transparency, institutional culture, and the ability of legal norms to adapt to evolving social expectations and technological advancements in healthcare. The Indonesian context shows persistent challenges, including paternalistic medical culture, low legal literacy, and gaps between written norms and real clinical practice. International perspectives emphasize patient autonomy and human rights in patient care as foundational elements of modern health law. The study concludes that sociological legal theory enriches the understanding of medical law as a dynamic social system and encourages the formation of responsive, equitable, and human-centered health regulations.

References

Alfarisi, S., & Hakim, M. S. (2019). Hubungan sosiologi hukum dan masyarakat sebagai kontrol sosial. Jurnal Rechten: Riset Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 1(2), 20–28.

Black, D. (2018). Sociological Justice. Oxford University Press.

Blumer, H. (2019). Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. University of California Press.

Collins, R. (2018). Conflict Sociology. Academic Press.

Cotterrell, R. (2018). Sociology of Law: An Introduction. Routledge.

Darian-Smith, E. (2013). Law and Societies in Global Contexts. Cambridge University Press.

Kartika, R., & Luhur, P. P. (2025). Interpersonal Communication of The Healing Cycling Club Community in Building Solidarity. MIRSHuS, 5(2), 250–261.

Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2018). Law and Society in Transition: Toward Responsive Law. Routledge.

Paikah, N. (2023). Sosiologi hukum. CV Cendekiawan Indonesia Timur.

Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2023). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia.

Pratiwi, I. A. W. K., Dharma, I. B. W., & Pitriyantini, P. E. (2020). Kajian sosiologi hukum dalam kehidupan kemasyarakatan. Majalah Ilmiah Untab, 17(2), 117–121.

Rahmawati, T. (2024). Tanggung jawab dokter dalam perspektif hukum perdata. IJHESS, 6(1), 44–55.

Sari, N. M. (2023). Legal review of medical crime: patient protection and professional responsibility. Audito J., 8(2), 112–125.

Shidarta. (2019). Teori interaksionisme simbolik: Analisis sosial mikro.

Syarifudin, A. (2018). Pengaruh Transformasi sosial pada perlindungan hukum profesi kedokteran terhadap malapraktik medik.

Wulandari, D. (2023). Analisis yuridis tanggung jawab rumah sakit. JUKESAH, 5(1), 65–78.